Excavating apparatus.



C. A. MORRIS. DEC'D C. R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX. EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-9, I913- 1,171,393. Patented Feb. 8,1916.

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WIN/58858 I Q} Q I INVEIVTOR- W UizarZesA.%rris C. A. MORRIS, DECD.

C. R. MORRIS; EXECUTRIX.

-EXCAVAT|NG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-9. 1913.

4 $HEETSSHEET 2.

'WITNESSES INVENTOR 94. C I U/iarZesAJ Zbrris k v Patented Feb. 8, 1916.

,BY 7 I I 7h 6 v ATTORNEYS C. A. MORRIS. DECD.

C- R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FIRING-9,1913.

1 Patented Feb. 8,1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- wlmssss Y 4 INVENTOR C. A- MORRIS, DECD.

C. R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

' APPLICATION FILED AUG-9, I913- Patented Feb. 8,1916.

\ 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- WITNESSES INVENTOR W C 5 C c I E l U/zarZesA..!T0rris pr I W0 1 f I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. MORRIS, OF MONTCLAIR, NEW JERSEY; CLARA R. MORRIS, EXECUTRIX.OF SAID CHARLES A. MORRIS, DECEASED, ASSIGNOR TO THE HAYWARD COMPANY,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

EXCAVATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters latent.

Application filed August 9, 1913. Serial No. 783,866.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. MORRIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Montclair, county of Essex, and State of New Jersey, haveinvented acertain new, and useful Excavating Apparatus, of

ed with means operable by the cable or cables for opening and closingthe bucket so as to render it self-loading when in contact with thematerial, and to render it self-dumping after the material shall havebeen hoisted and conveyed to the desired point of deposit. Many oftheprior structures have embodied toggle mechanism for effecting theopening and closing movement of the pivoted sections composing thestructure, but in nearly all instances such toggle mechanism wasconstructed and operated in a manner to involve a loss of force andefficiency in the movement of said pivoted members as the latter movetoward their closed positions,.the force and efliciency decreasingprogressively the more the sections travel toward their closedpositions. As the material is loaded into the bucket by the operation ofclosing the pivoted sections, it is desirable, and in fact necessary, toincrease the'force of the toggle mechanism during the closing period ofthe sections, for the reasonv that the resistance of the materialincreases during the a closing period of the sections. Accordingly, thepresent invention embodies a sectional tially rigid framework whencombined with u bucket or analogous structure of the class specifiedembodying members each pivoted intermediate the ends thereof to asubstana toggle mechanism the parts of which are so organized andconnected as to apply force increasingly to the pivoted members as thelatter approach the closed positions thereof. The principle of theinventlon ls the same whether the invention is embodied in a grapple, aclam shell bucket, or an orange peel bucket. Y

An important structural advantage secured by my invention is that theheight, or vertical dimensions, of the grapple or bucket issubstantially less than that of prior buckets, without involving anydecrease in the capacity of the bucket. The height of the head or frameis less than the corresponding part in prior structures owing to thesimple and compact arrangement of the toggle mechanism.

Other features of the invention and the advantages thereof will appearfrom the following detail description.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of a grapple embodyingthis invention with theparts in their open or spread positions. Fig. 2is a vertical section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3, looking in thedirection Patented Feb. 8, 1916.

a plan view of the parts at the upper end of the grapple, said figurebeing on a reduced scale as compared with Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Fig. 5 is adetail section on the line 55 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a side elevation ofthe invention as embodied in a clam shell bucket. Fig. 7 is a verticalsection on the line 77 of Fig. 8 looking in the direction of the arrow.Fig. 8 is a section in a plane at right angles to F ig47 and on thedotted line-88 of said Fig. 7 looking in the direction of the arrow.Fig. 9 is a detail view of one member. composing the head or frame, andthe slide employed in connection with said member. e

.I will first proceed to describe the invention embodied in a grapple,substantially as shown in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, wherein A designatesthe pivoted members, B a head or skeleton frame, C a vertically movablemember or carrier constituting one element of the toggle mechanism, Dthe links of said toggle mechanism, E a hoist line, and F a dump line. I

Any desired number of members A may be used, but the drawings show fourmembers arranged on the quarters of a circle,

the center of a circle. Each member is shown as consisting of sideplates a a; and

cross stays a attached rigidly to the side plate so as to unite them ina substantial manner. The member is pivoted intermediate its ends in onepart of the frame or head B by a bolt f, and at the free end of member Athere is provided a digging toe f. The side plates of member A arecurved longitudinally so as to give the member the required form. At theupper end of two members A are mounted pulleys g, which are adapted tobe engaged by the dump line F in the manner hereinafter described.

The head or skeleton frame B is shown as consisting of a series ofupright inclined channel pieces 6, a second series of upright channelpieces I), transverse bottom pieces 5 and a top piece 6 The top andbottom pieces 72 6 respectively, are parallel, and to said pieces arefirmly riveted or bolted the upper and lower ends of the inclinedandinside rails 32 6, thereby producing a substantial frame adapted'tocarry or support the several moving parts of the structure. As shownmore particularly in Fig. 3, each member A is positioned between theinclined pieces I) and the lower pieces 6 of the frame, and through theseveral parts pass the bolts I so as to pivotally connect each swingingmember A to the head or frame in a substantial manner. Q

The movable part or carrier C is positioned between the inside membersI) so as to slide freely in an up and down direction between saidmembers. This vertically movable part or carrier is shown as consistingof side plates a united by cross bolts or studs 0', said side plates 0having any suitable form, preferably the form shown more particularly inFig. 2. The'side plates are provided with suitable bearings for a shaftor arbor h of a pulley H, the latter being positioned partly between theside plates 0 of the carrier so that the pulley is movable with saidcarrier up and within the frame B. r

The movable part or carrier C forms one element of the toggle mechanism,the other elements of which consist of links D. The links correspond innumber to pivoted members A, and they are arranged radially with respectto the movable carrier C. Each link down is connected at its inner endto a corner of,

frame B the links D will be pulled upon so as to force outwardly theupper ends of as will be seen by reference to Fig. 2, and

the vertical movement of part or carrier C thus acts upon the links ofthe toggle mechanism to impart increased force to the toggle as membersA swing to their closed positions, whereby the pivoted members areactuated by a toggle of increasing force so as to fully close thestructure upon the load in a manner to seize or grapple the loadnotwithstanding the resistance of said load to the closing movement ofthe structure.

The upper member 6 of the head or frame is provided with bearings forthe reception of pulley shafts i, one of which is provided with a pulleyI, and the other with a pulley I. The hoist line E passes downwardlythrough the top part b of the head or frame so as to engage with pulleyI, thence said hoist line passes to and beneath pulley H of the movingpart or carrier C, and. thence passes in an upward direction to theupper part If, at which point the hoist line is anchored by a bolt 6securely fastened to top member 6 of the head or frame.

The dump line F passes downwardly through the top member 6 of the frameor head in a manner to engage with the pulley T, thence said dump linepasses beneath a pulley g on one of the pivoted members, thence saidline passes across from said pulley on one member to and beneath theother pulley g on the opposite member, and thence said dump line passesacross in an opposite direction back to the first pivoted member, atwhich point the free end of the dump line is anchored or attached by abolt 7, the manner of reeving dump line F being illustrated moreparticularly in Fig. 2.

When the weight of the grapple is imposed on the dump line F the membersA are opened or spread as shown in Fig. l, the a carrier C and pulley Hmoving downwardly to the lower part of the head or frame, whereas thelinks D assume substantially vertical positions shown in the drawings.The members of the grapple having been opened, it is "lowered intocontact with the lower ends'of members A inwardly toward each other,whereby the links of the toggle are moved in a manner to exertincreasing force upon members A as the latter are moved toward theirclosed positions.

The invention when embodied in a clam shell bucket, as shown in Figs. 6to 9, inclusive, consists of pivoted members A, a skeleton frame or headB, a vertically moving part (1 in the form of slides, links D, a hoistline E, and a dump line F.

The sections or members A composing the two halves of the clam shellbucket each consist of side plates 7' and a curved bottom 7" providedwith a cutting edge 7' said sections being similar to devices ordinaryin the art. The bucket sections are provided with upwardly extendingarms j and on one side of the bucket direction pulleys J J are supportedon these upwardly extending arms 7' by suitable spindles j.-

The frame or head B is shown as consisting of parallel side plates ksubstantially triangular in shape. These plates are joined or unitedtogether in a substantial manner by metallic rods k and by a top plateK, the rods 70 passing through the respective side plates of the frameor head and through the side plates 7' of the bucket sections, wherebysaid sections A are pivotally supported or connected to the frame orhead B. It will be noted that the cross rods 7c pass through therespective bucket sections A intermediate the ends thereof, the arms iof the bucket sections extending rods 70'.

The top cross piece K of the frame or head B is provided with a centralslot Z, and adjacent to this slot is a road bracket L which supports thearbor Z of a direction pulley L, the latter being positioned at one sideof the slot l. The hoist line E passes downwardly through the .slot Z toand beneath a pulley M which is mounted for free rotation on avertically movable member 0, the latter being the equivalent,

mechanically considered, of the carrier C in the construction of thegrapple shown by Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, said hoist line E passing fromthe pulley M upwardly to a lug e provided on the under side of the topcross plate K, whereby the free end of the hoistline is anchored on thehead or frame B.

The dump line F passes beneath direction pulley L, thence across theupper part of the bucket. as shown in Fig. 8 to and over a pulley L, thelatter being supported at the upper corner .of the bucket exteriorly tothe pivoted sections thereof, thence the dump line passes downwardlyaround the pulley J supported on the arm 7' of one laucket member A.thence across the bucket o and around the pulley J supported upwardlyfrom the pivotal.

on the arm 7' of the other bucket section, and thence back across thebucket toward. the pulley J, the free end of said dump line F beinganchored fixedly on the bucket in a suitable way atv I, see the dottedline illustration in Figs. 6 and 7. It should be stated that a directionsheave M is supported in a hanger depending from the top cross member Kso that the hoist line E will contact with said sheave M as it runs'towardthe pulley M. Furthermore, a direction sheave L is supported onthe outside of the bucket between the direction pulley L and the pulleyJ, the pulleys L L and L being so related that the dump line F will beproperly directed-toward the pulleys J J onthe respective bucketsections.

The side plates 71: of the head or frames B are provided with verticalguideways p and with slots 9, said guideways being reduced in width attheir lower parts so as to form shoulders 79 as shown more particularlyin Fig. 9. The guideways p and slots 79 open through the lower edges ofplates is. In each guideway is fitted a slide C, the upper part of whichis headed at 9 so as to form shoulders g. The slide fits within theguideway for the headed upper part 9 to occupy the wide part of theguideway 12, but when the slide reaches a certain point in its downwardmovement the shoulder g of said slide rests upon the shoulder p of theguideway, thereby limiting the downward movement of the slide relativeto the head or frame. The slides C are provided with slots 1', thelatter being in alinement with the slots 3? in the side plates 9 of theframe. The spindle 0 extends horizontally across the frame or head, theend portion 0 of said spindle receiving the links D, as shown in Figs. 6and 8. Said spindle is reduced in diameter, as at 0, to form tenons, andthe tenons of said spindle pass through the slots 1" in the slides, andthe slots p in the side plates of the frame or head. The

slides p are retained in the guideways of:

plates is by face .plates is suitably secured to plates 70, and it isthus apparent that the slides are free to move up and down with spindle0 relative to the plates 70 of head B, although the downward movement ofthe slides C will be limited by the shoulders 9 thereof contacting withthe shoulders 79 of the side plates k, but the operation of stopping thedownward movement of the slides C does not necessarily arrest thedownward movement of, the spindle O, for the reason that spindle O isfree to travel in a downward direction in the slots p of the side platesand the slots 0" of slides C.

closed, it is apparent that the slides will serve, also, to arrest thedownward move ment of the spindle and its consequent disengagement fromthe operating parts of the bucket.

- The links D are positioned in pairs at the respective sides of thebucket. The links of one pair are connected pivotally to arms 7' of thebucket sections by the bolts j, whereas the inner ends of the linkscomposing each pair are fitted on the end portion 0 of spindle O. Thespindle and the links form the toggle mechanism, said spindle 0 beingthe mechanical equivalent of the pulley carrier C in the constructionheretofore described. The pulley M is supported on the spindle O forrotation freely thereon, said pulley being retained in position bycollars s so as to prevent sliding movement on the spindle. The pulleyis 'shown as having guides s for retaining the hoist line in pulley.

By imposing the weight of the bucket upon the dump line F the stress orpull of said line on the anchorage f tends'to move the direction sheavesJ J inwardly and to proper engagement with the depress the links D andthe spindle 0,

whereby the sections A of the bucket are thrown open, as shown in Fig.6. The bucket may now. be dropped into contact with the material so asto partially embed said bucket therein, and tension is applied to thehoist line E. The pull of the hoist line on the fixed anchorage 6 tendsto raise pulley M and spindle Q, said spindle moving upwardly inthewslot r until it contacts with the upper closed ends of said slots inthe slides C, and thereafter the continued upward. movement of thespindle and the pulley lifts the slides C in the guideways p, wherebythe spindle is directed by the cooperating slides and guideways of thehead or frame. This upward movement of the spindle tends to. elevate theinner ends of the links D and to swing the bucket sections A on theirpivots la, thereby closing the bucket sections toward each other. It isto be noted that the links of the toggle move toward a position whereinthe toggle links will be in alinement during the inward or closingmovement of the bucket sections, and this toggle mechanism has its partsso proportioned and arranged that said toggle mechanism acts withincreasing force during the closing movement of the bucket, thus loadingthe bucket efliciently notwithstanding the resistance of the materialcomposing the load. The bucket with its load may be hoisted andconveyed-by the line B to a place where the load'is to be dumped, atwhich time the weight of the bucket and load is shifted from linerE todump line F, whereby the pull of line F. from the fixed anchorage fdraws the pulleys J J toward each other, thereby swinging sec-1,171.,aes

tions A of the bucket to their open posi- {d038, thus automaticallydischarging the oa Having thus fully described the invention, .What Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In anexcavator, the combination with a head or frame, of a plurality ofmembers pivoted to said head or frame, a vertically movable member,links connecting said pivoted members with said vertically movablemember, a hoist line cooperating with said vertically movable member forimparting movement thereto in a direction to close said pivoted members,said links and the vertically movable member operating to increasinglyapply force upon the "pivoted members as the latter move inwardly towardeach other, and a dump line having running engagement directly with saidpivoted members for imparting movement thereto in an outward direction.

2. In an excavator, the combination with a header frame, of a pluralityof members pivoted to said head or frame, a sliding part, means fordirecting the movement of said sliding part relatively to said head orframe,

links connecting said sliding part with the direction, said runningengagement between the dump line and the pivoted members beingpositioned above the pivotal points of said members.

3. In an excavator, the combination with a head or frame, of a pluralityof members each nivoted intermediate the ends thereof to said head orframe, a sliding part linked to said pivoted members, a hoist line forimparting movement to said sliding part,

thereby operating to swing the pivoted members inwardly toward eachother, and a dump line having running engagement with said pivotedmembers above the pivot thereof, said dum'p line operating directly uponthe pivoted members for swinging them outwardly into an open position.

4. In an excavator, the combination of a plurality of pivoted members, asliding part linked to said members, a hoist line contacting with saidsliding part for imparting movement thereto in a direction forswinging-the pivoted members inwardly toward each other, and a dump linehaving running engagement with said pivoted members for impartingmovement thereto in an outward direction to open the same.

5. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a plurality ofmembers each pivoted intermediate the ends thereof directly to a rigidpart of said frame, a sliding part linked to the pivoted members, ahoisting line attached at one end to the head or frame and having arunning connection with the sliding part for imparting movement to thesliding part and the links so as to act with increasing force upon thepivoted members during the closing movement thereof, and a dump linehaving a running connection with said pivoted members for positivelyopening the latter.

6. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a sliding partmovable therein, a plurality of pivoted members each having a directpivotal connection with a rigid part of said head or frame, linkspivoted to the sliding part and to said pivoted members, a hoist line,and a dump line attached to a part of the structure and having a runningconnection directly with the pivoted members.

7. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a sliding partmovable therein, a plurality of pivoted members each having a directpivotal connection with a rigid part of said head or frame, linkspivoted to the sliding part and to said pivoted members, a hoist lineattached to the head or frame and having a running engagement with thesliding part, and a separate dump line having a running engagementdirectly with the pivoted members.

8. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a pulley carrierslidably fitted thereto, a pulley mounted in said carrier, a hoist lineattached at one end to said frame and having a running engagement withthe pulley of said pulley carrier, a plurality of members each having adirect pivotal connection with the rigid part of said frame, and linkspivoted to the pulley carrier and to the pivoted members.

9. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame provided with avertical guideway, a pulley carrier fitted to said guideway for verticalmovement relative to the head or frame, a pulley journaled on saidcarrier, a hoist line attached to the frame and having a runningengagement with the pulley, a plurality of members each having a directpivotal connection with a rigid part of said frame or head, and linkspivoted to the pulley carrier and pivoted to the pivoted members. 4

10. In an excavator, the combination of a head or frame, a sliding parttherein, a plurality of members each pivoted directly to a rigid'part ofsaid head or frame, certain of said pivoted members being provided withpulleys, links pivoted to the sliding part and to the pivoted members, adump line attached at one end and having a running engagement with thepulleys of said pivoted members, and a hoist line having arunningjengagement with said sliding part.

' 11. In an excavator, the combination with a frame, and a plurality-ofswinging members pivoted thereto, of a sliding part operativelyconnected with said swinging members, guiding means with which saidsliding part is in contact, a hoist line cooperating with said slidingpart for imparting movement thereto and thereby move the swingingmembers in one direction, and a dump line reeved into sliding engagementwith the swinging members for directly imparting movement thereto in anopposite direction.

12. In an excavator, the combination with a frame, and a plurality ofswinging. members pivoted thereto, of a sliding part, guiding means incontact with said sliding part for directing the movement thereof, meansconnecting said sliding part with the swinging members, a hoist lineattached to the frame and having running engagement with the slidingpart, and a dump line separate from the hoist line, said dump linehaving sliding engagement with said swinging members at one side of thepivotal connections between the frame and said swinging members.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES A. MORRIS. Witnesses:

M. C. RODRIGUEZ,

H. I. BERNHARD.

